DUN(9) XR32 REFERENCE MANUAL 7/1/2013
NAME
DUN -- Dial-Up Networking.
DESCRIPTION
Dial-Up Networking (DUN) is a subsystem which allows XR32 to
connect to other TCP/IP systems via a dial-up Public Switched
Telephone Network (PSTN) link.
This could be used for example to connect with an Internet
Service Provider (ISP), enabling XR32 to link to other systems
via the Internet. Or (if you have unmetered telephone calls)
it could be used for linking one XR32 directly with another
via the PSTN on demand.
DUN basically consists of:
a) A script reader capable of configuring PPP,
controlling a modem and logging into a remote system.
b) A system to invoke these scripts when required.
Configuring DUN
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Please see the manual section entitled "PSTN modem support"
for details of how to configure XR32 to use a modem.
Assuming you have a port configured for modem use, DUN
requires at least one dialler script, to control the dial and
login sequence.
Dialler scripts are ordinary text files containing script
commands as detailed below, one per line. Lines must not
exceed 256 characters in length. The script file can be named
as you wish, for example you might like to name your AOL dial
script "AOL.SCR". You will need to use this name later to
identify the script, so it makes sense to call it something
meaningful, rather than "SCRIPT1.TXT". Script files must
reside in the same directory as XR32.EXE.
Next you must configure DUN to invoke your script whenever a
connection is required. This is done by using the DUN ADD
command to record the peer's IP address and the name of the
script used to make the connection to that peer. If you don't
know the IP address you may use a "dummy" address, e.g.
"1.1.1.1", because it is simply a handle used to invoke the
appropriate script. You should use one DUN ADD command for
each script.
Finally, you must add one or more entries to the IP routing
table whereby the "gateway" IP address is that of the peer
(or the dummy address as mentioned above).
For example, suppose your ISP is aol.com, and you want to
route all UK-bound IP traffic via them. There is a modem
connected to port 3, and you have created a suitable
connection script named AOL.SCR.
a) You don't know the IP address of AOL's router, so you
choose a dummy address of "10.10.10.10".
b) You then issue the command "DUN ADD 10.10.10.10 AOL.SCR",
or include it in IPROUTE.SYS or BOOTCMDS.SYS.
c) Finally, you add a routing entry as follows:
"IP ROUTE ADD 44.131.0.0/16 10.10.10.10 3 d"
which means "route all 44.131.x.x (UK) traffic via (dummy)
gateway 10.10.10.10 on port 3 (the modem port) using
datagram mode.
Whenever XR32 receives a frame with a destination address in
the 44.131 series, it will now invoke the dial script AOL.SCR.
DUN Script Commands Overview
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
CONTROL Raise / lower RS232 DTR signal.
MODE Protocol to use upon successful login.
PPP PPP configuration commands.
SEND Send text.
SLEEP Temporary pause.
WAIT Wait for text in received data.
DUN Script Commands In Detail
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
CONTROL - Raise / Lower RS232 DTR signal.
Syntax: C[ontrol] <up | down>
The CONTROL command is used to raise or lower the
RS232 DTR (Data Terminal Ready) line. Most modems
require the DTR signal to be "up", and will disconnect
or reset when it goes down. Those modems which do not
do this by default can usually be configured to do so
by including "&D2" in the initialisation string.
MODE - Set protocol to use upon successful login.
Syntax: M[ode] <kiss | ppp | slip>
Example: MODE PPP
MODE specifies the protocol to use after your system
has logged into the remote host, i.e. when the script
ends without error. It must precede the dialling and
login sequence, and any protocol dependent commands,
such as the PPP commands.
PPP - PPP configuration commands.
Syntax: P[pp] <idle | ipcp | lcp | log | pap> [arg]
Example: PPP IDLE 300
PPP commands are used to configure the PPP subsystem
for the connection being established. Note that
within DUN scripts the <port> argument is omitted
because XR32 knows which port the script is using.
SEND - Send a line of text.
Syntax: S[end] <text>
Example: SEND ATDT01674302153
The SEND command sends one line of text to the modem
or the remote host, for example modem initialisation
and dial commands, or login commands. The <text>
argument may contain spaces, and the system will
append a carriage return/line feed.
SLEEP - Temporary pause.
Syntax: SL[eep] <millisecs>
Example: SLEEP 5000
The SLEEP command causes the script to pause for the
specified interval. For example, you would need a
short delay after issuing a modem reset command
before any more commands would be accepted by the
modem. When the pause is complete, script execution
continues on the next line.
WAIT - Wait for received text.
Syntax: W[ait] <millisecs> <string> [exiterr]
Example: WAIT 5000 Password: exiterr
WAIT causes XR32 to wait for specific responses from
the modem or remote host. <millisecs> specifies the
maximum wait interval. <string> specifies the string
of characters (20 chars max, no spaces) to wait for.
When the string is seen in the received data stream,
the next script command is executed.
If "exiterr" is present, the script will abort if the
string is not seen before the interval expires. If
not present, the next script command will be executed
upon timeout.
Dial up networking may be administered "on the fly" using the
DUN command , which is detailed in the sysop command reference
section. The DUN ADD and DUN LOG commands may also be used in
IPROUTE.SYS and / or BOOTCMDS.SYS to configure the system at
boot time.
Example DUN script
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
; Xrouter DUN script for establishing PPP connection with ISP
;
; Upon connection, the ISP sends some greetings text, then
; "Login:", and waits for login name.
;
; Upon receiving the login name it sends "Password:" and
; waits for the caller to send the password.
;
; Upon receiving the password, the ISP sends
; "Entering PPP mode".
;
;
; Drop DTR to reset any modem error condition
control down
;
; Wait for 1 sec
sleep 1000
;
; Raise DTR to allow normal operation
control up
;
; Specify the mode to use after link is established
mode ppp
;
; ISP requires PAP authentication: username=gb7pzt,
; password=bsfjflavs
ppp pap user gb7pzt bsfjflavs
;
; Get the modem's attention
send AT
;
; Wait for up to 5 secs for an "OK" response. Abort if none
wait 5000 OK exiterr
;
; Modem is awake. Dial the ISP
send ATDT01905643000
;
; Wait for up to 1 minute for the "user:" login prompt
wait 60000 user exiterr
;
; Prompt obtained. Send username
send gb7pzt
;
; Don't bother waiting for "password:" prompt, just send
; it after 1 sec.
sleep 1000
send bsfjflavs
;
; Wait for confirmation of entry to PPP mode
wait 30000 PPP exiterr
;
; ISP is now in PPP mode. XR32 will enter PPP mode when
; script ends
;
FILES
BOOTCMDS.SYS, IPROUTE.SYS and dialler scripts all reside in
the same director as XR32.EXE.
CAVEATS
DUN development was halted abruptly before it had been
properly finalised, debugged and documented. You are
therefore urged to use it with caution, and report any bugs.
SEE ALSO
BOOTCMDS.SYS(8) -- Boot Up Commands File
DIAL(1) -- Dialler Commands.
DUN(1) -- Dial-Up Networking.
IPROUTE.SYS(8) -- IP Routing / Configuration File.
PPP(1) -- Point to Point Protocol Commands.
PSTN(9) -- PSTN Modem Support.
DUN(9) END OF DOCUMENT
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